Teacher Guide: Text Features & Structure

Grade 3 ELA | FAST Success Kit | FL B.E.S.T. Standards

Florida B.E.S.T. Standard

ELA.3.R.2.1

Explain how text features—including titles, headings, captions, graphs, maps, glossaries, and/or illustrations—contribute to the meaning of texts.

What Students Need to Know

Third graders must understand that authors use specific features to organize information and help readers understand the text. Students should be able to identify these features AND explain their purpose.

Text Feature Categories

Print Features

  • Title: Names the topic; tells what the text is about
  • Headings/Subheadings: Break text into sections; preview content
  • Bold/Italic text: Highlights important words or terms
  • Captions: Explain pictures, diagrams, or photos
  • Labels: Identify parts of a diagram or illustration

Graphic Features

  • Photographs: Show real-world examples
  • Illustrations: Draw attention to key concepts
  • Diagrams: Show how things work or are organized
  • Maps: Show location or geographical information
  • Charts/Tables: Organize data for comparison
  • Graphs: Display numerical data visually

Organizational Features

  • Table of Contents: Lists chapters/sections with page numbers
  • Index: Alphabetical list of topics with page numbers
  • Glossary: Defines key vocabulary words
  • Sidebar: Extra information set apart from main text
  • Bullets/Numbered Lists: Organize information clearly

Why Features Matter

  • Help readers preview what they'll learn
  • Make information easier to find
  • Explain or add detail to the main text
  • Help readers understand difficult concepts
  • Break up long text into manageable chunks

Common Misconceptions

Misconception 1: Features are just "extra" or optional

Reality: Text features contain essential information! A caption may explain something not stated in the main text. A diagram may be the clearest way to understand a process.

Misconception 2: Students skip over graphics and features

Reality: On the FAST assessment, questions often ask about information found ONLY in a diagram, map, or chart. Students must read ALL features carefully.

Misconception 3: Confusing feature identification with purpose

Reality: FAST doesn't just ask "What is this called?" It asks "How does this feature help the reader?" or "Why did the author include this?" Students must explain PURPOSE, not just identify.

FAST Assessment Question Types

Question Type Example Stem What It Tests
Feature Purpose "The author MOST LIKELY included the diagram to—" Understanding WHY a feature was used
Feature Function "How does the map help the reader understand...?" Explaining how features support comprehension
Information Location "Where would a reader look to find the meaning of...?" Knowing which feature to use for specific purposes
Feature Contribution "What information does the caption add to the text?" Identifying unique content in features
Compare Features "The heading helps the reader by..." Distinguishing between similar features' purposes

FAST-Style Question Stems

Use these stems for practice and assessment:

"The author MOST LIKELY included the [diagram/map/chart] to—"
"How does the [heading/caption/glossary] help the reader?"
"What is the purpose of the [bold text/illustration/table of contents]?"
"Based on the [diagram/chart/map], which statement is true?"
"Where would a reader find the meaning of the word ___?"
"What information does the [caption/sidebar/chart] add that is NOT in the main text?"
"The [heading/subheading] tells the reader that this section will be about—"

5-Day Lesson Plan

Day 1: Introduction to Text Features 45 min

Day 2: Print & Organizational Features 45 min

Day 3: Graphic Features 45 min

Day 4: Purpose & Contribution 45 min

Day 5: Assessment & Review 45 min

Teaching Strategies

Text Feature Walk

Before reading, have students preview the text by looking ONLY at features (headings, pictures, diagrams, etc.). Ask: "What do you think this text will be about? What will you learn?"

Feature Function Cards

Create cards with feature names and matching cards with purposes. Students match them and explain their thinking. Example: "Glossary" matches with "Defines key vocabulary words."

"What Would Be Missing?"

Show a text and ask: "If we removed this diagram, what would be harder to understand?" This helps students see why features are essential, not optional.

Create Their Own

Have students add text features to a plain text passage. They must explain WHY they chose each feature and how it helps readers.

Vocabulary to Teach

Term Student-Friendly Definition
Text feature A part of a text (like a picture, heading, or chart) that helps readers understand the information
Heading A title for a section that tells what that part is about
Caption Words that explain a picture, photo, or diagram
Diagram A drawing with labels that shows how something works or is organized
Table of Contents A list at the front of a book showing chapters and their page numbers
Glossary A mini-dictionary at the back of a book that defines key words
Index An alphabetical list at the back of a book showing where to find topics
Bold text Darker, thicker letters used to show important words

Materials in This Kit

Resource Description When to Use
Student Concept Worksheet Introduces text features with visual examples and guided practice Day 1 introduction
Practice Worksheet 14 questions across multiple text excerpts with various features Days 2-4 practice
FAST Practice Quiz 10-question assessment mirroring actual FAST format Day 5 assessment
Parent Activity Guide Home activities for practicing text features in real-world contexts Ongoing home support
Answer Keys Complete answers with explanations for all worksheets Teacher/parent reference