Multiplication & Division Facts

The Big Idea

Multiplication is a fast way to add equal groups.

Division is the opposite of multiplication—it breaks a total into equal groups.

Multiplication and division are a fact family—they go together!

4 groups of 3

Count: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12 OR 4 × 3 = 12

Array: We can also show 4 × 3 as 4 rows with 3 in each row!

These four facts all use the same numbers!

4 × 3 = 12

3 × 4 = 12

12 ÷ 3 = 4

12 ÷ 4 = 3

Tip: If you know one fact, you know all four!

Use a fact you know: Don't know 7 × 6? Think: 6 × 6 = 36, plus one more 6 = 42

Break it apart: For 8 × 7, think: (5 × 7) + (3 × 7) = 35 + 21 = 56

Double it: For 6 × 4, find 3 × 4 = 12, then double: 24

Check with division: Think 6 × 8 = 48? Check: 48 ÷ 8 = 6 ✓

Fill in the missing numbers for each fact family.

Fact Family: 5, 6, 30

5 × 6 =

6 × 5 =

30 ÷ 5 =

30 ÷ 6 =

Fact Family: 7, 8, 56

7 × 8 =

8 × = 56

56 ÷ 7 =

56 ÷ = 7

9 × 4 =

6 × 7 =

8 × 5 =

12 × 3 =

36 ÷ 6 =

54 ÷ 9 =

72 ÷ 8 =

48 ÷ 4 =