Factors & Multiples | Student Worksheet

The Big Idea

Factors are numbers that divide evenly into another number.

Multiples are what you get when you multiply a number by 1, 2, 3, 4...

The number 12 can make these rectangles (arrays):

1 x 12

2 x 6

3 x 4

Factor pairs of 12: (1, 12), (2, 6), (3, 4)

All factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

Factor: A number that divides evenly into another number. (3 is a factor of 12 because 12 / 3 = 4)

Factor Pair: Two factors that multiply to give a number. (3 and 4 are a factor pair of 12)

Multiple: The result of multiplying a number by a whole number. (12, 24, 36 are multiples of 12)

Have exactly 2 factors: 1 and itself

2 3 5 7 11 13

7 is prime: factors are only 1 and 7

Have more than 2 factors

4 6 8 9 10 12

12 is composite: factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

Special Case: The number 1 is NEITHER prime nor composite. It has only ONE factor (itself), not two!

Multiples of 6 (skip count by 6):

6 12 18 24 30 36 ...

Key Connection: If 6 is a FACTOR of 24, then 24 is a MULTIPLE of 6!

1. List all factor pairs of 18:

2. Is 23 prime or composite? Explain how you know.

3. List the first 5 multiples of 7:

4. What are all the factors of 24?

5. Circle ALL the prime numbers: 15, 17, 21, 23, 27, 29, 33