Dividing Fractions

Grade 5 Mathematics

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The Big Idea

Dividing fractions comes in TWO types that mean very different things!

Type 1: Unit fraction / whole number = Making something SMALLER

Type 2: Whole number / unit fraction = Finding HOW MANY fit inside

TYPE 1: Unit Fraction / Whole Number (Answer gets SMALLER)

"I have a piece and I'm sharing it" - The answer is always smaller than what you started with.

Example 1: 1/2 / 4 = ?

Story: You have 1/2 of a pizza. You share it equally among 4 friends. How much does each friend get?

Start with 1/2, then divide it into 4 equal parts

Whole:
1/2 shaded
Divided by 4:
Each part = 1/8
!

The Rule: 1a / b = 1a x b    So 12 / 4 = 12 x 4 = 18

TYPE 2: Whole Number / Unit Fraction (Answer gets BIGGER!)

"How many pieces fit inside?" - The answer is always bigger than what you started with.

Example 2: 3 / 1/4 = ?

Story: You have 3 whole pizzas. Each serving is 1/4 of a pizza. How many servings can you make?

How many fourths (1/4) are in 3 wholes?

Pizza 1:
1
2
3
4
4 fourths
Pizza 2:
5
6
7
8
4 fourths
Pizza 3:
9
10
11
12
4 fourths

Total: 12 servings!

!

The Rule: a / 1b = a x b    So 3 / 14 = 3 x 4 = 12

TRAP ALERT: Don't Get Them Backwards!

Common Mistake: Students confuse 1/4 / 3 with 3 / 1/4. These are VERY different!

Remember:
- 1/4 / 3 = 1/12 (splitting a small piece into 3 parts = even smaller)
- 3 / 1/4 = 12 (finding how many fourths in 3 wholes = many pieces)

Using a Number Line: 2 / 1/3 = ?

"How many jumps of 1/3 does it take to go from 0 to 2?"

0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6

6 jumps of 1/3 to reach 2, so 2 / 1/3 = 6

Your Turn: Practice Problems

1. Type 1: 1/3 / 2 = ?

Think: "I have 1/3 and I'm splitting it between 2 people..."

13 / 2 = 1

2. Type 2: 4 / 1/2 = ?

Think: "How many halves fit in 4 wholes?"

4 / 12 =

3. Word Problem: A ribbon is 1/4 meter long. It needs to be cut into 5 equal pieces. How long is each piece?

Which type? ____ Expression: _____________ = _____________ meter

4. Word Problem: You have 6 yards of fabric. Each pillowcase needs 1/3 yard. How many pillowcases can you make?

Which type? ____ Expression: _____________ = _____________ pillowcases

Remember the Two Types!