Text Structure - Answer Keys

Grade 6 ELA | FL B.E.S.T. Standard: ELA.6.R.2.1

TEACHER USE ONLY - Please keep secure and do not distribute to students

Student Concept Worksheet Answers

Question Answer
1 Chronological/Sequence
The passage presents steps in order (First, Next, Then, After that, Finally).
1 (Signal Words) First, Next, Then, After that, Finally
2 Problem/Solution
The passage presents a problem (test anxiety) and multiple solutions.
2 (Clues) "struggle with," "One solution," "Another approach," phrases indicating problem and ways to address it
3 B. Timeline/Sequence Chain
The water cycle follows a continuous sequence of stages.
4 B. Cause/Effect
Signal words like "because," "therefore," and "as a result" indicate cause/effect relationships.

Practice Worksheet Answers

Question Answer
1 D. Chronological/Sequence
2 In 2007, Shortly after, By 2012, During the mid-2010s, Subsequently, Today
These time-based words show events unfolding in order.
3 C. Timeline
4 The author chose chronological structure because it shows how smartphone technology evolved over time. This helps readers understand the progression of innovation and see how each development built upon previous ones.
5 B. Cause/Effect
6 As a result, Consequently, Due to, Because (any two)
7 Cause: Rising ocean temperatures / increased carbon dioxide / ocean acidification (any one)
Effect: Coral bleaching / corals turn white and die / reefs become fragile / ecosystems disrupted (any one)
8 The cause/effect structure helps readers understand how one problem (rising temperatures, pollution) leads to many connected consequences. It shows the chain reaction of effects, making the crisis clearer and more urgent.
9 A. Compare/Contrast
10 These signal words show relationships between ideas. "Similarly" shows something alike, while "however," "while," and "whereas" signal differences. They help readers see when the author is showing similarities versus differences between the two learning formats.
11 Similarity: Both provide opportunities for interaction / Both require regular maintenance / Both can lead to academic success (any one)
Difference: Traditional requires physical presence while online allows flexibility / Traditional has immediate feedback while online uses discussion boards / Traditional is more structured while online requires more self-discipline (any one)
12 C. Problem/Solution
13 Food waste - one-third of all food produced ends up in landfills, contributing to climate change and wasting resources
14 Any two: Meal planning / Composting food scraps / Donating unsold food to food banks / Food waste collection programs that convert waste to energy
15 Problem/solution structure is effective because the author wants to not only inform readers about the issue but also inspire action. By presenting the problem first, readers understand why it matters. Then the solutions give readers hope and practical ways to help. This structure moves from awareness to action.
16 The author also uses cause/effect structure when explaining why food waste is harmful. The phrase "contributes to climate change, wastes valuable resources, and leaves millions of people hungry" shows the effects/results of the problem. The author combines cause/effect (to show why food waste is bad) with problem/solution (to show how to fix it).

FAST Format Quiz Answers

Question Answer
1 C. Description
The passage describes characteristics of the garbage patch (size, contents, appearance).
2 B. "is characterized by high concentrations"
"Characterized by" is a signal phrase for description structure.
3 B. Chronological/Sequence
4 B. first, next, then, after, subsequently
5 B. Cause/Effect
6 C. It shows how one action leads to multiple negative consequences.
7 A. Compare/Contrast
8 B. Venn Diagram
Venn diagrams show similarities and differences between two subjects.
9 C. Problem/Solution
The paragraph presents a problem (plastic pollution) and offers three solutions.
10 See rubric and sample response below.

Question 10 Scoring Rubric

Score Criteria
2 Explains the purpose of BOTH structures and clearly describes how they complement each other to improve reader understanding. Provides specific reasoning.
1 Explains one structure's contribution OR provides a general explanation without specific detail about how they work together.
0 Does not address how the structures work together OR response is off-topic.
Sample 2-Point Response for Question 10:
Using both structures together gives readers a complete understanding of the topic. The cause/effect structure in the first paragraph helps readers understand WHY the situation is harmful - it shows the chain of problems that result from the issue. This creates urgency and helps readers see why they should care. Then the problem/solution structure in the second paragraph gives readers hope by showing what can be done. Without the cause/effect section, readers might not understand why solutions are needed. Without the problem/solution section, readers might feel hopeless. Together, they inform readers about the problem AND empower them to take action.

Quick Reference: Text Structure Identification

Structure Key Question It Answers Common Signal Words
Compare/Contrast How are things alike and different? however, similarly, whereas, both, unlike, on the other hand
Cause/Effect Why did it happen? What was the result? because, therefore, as a result, consequently, due to, leads to
Problem/Solution What's wrong and how can it be fixed? the problem is, one solution, solved by, the answer is
Chronological/Sequence What happened in order? What are the steps? first, next, then, finally, before, after, during, subsequently
Description What is it like? What are its features? for example, such as, including, is characterized by, consists of
FAST Success Kit | Grade 6 | FL B.E.S.T. Standard: ELA.6.R.2.1
Answer Key - For Teacher Use Only